abstract：BACKGROUND:Although neuropsychological and neuroimaging studies of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) have implicated the frontal cortex and subcortical structures in the pathophysiology of the disorder, few studies have examined cognitive function in patients with OCD on tasks validated in the assessment of frontal l...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Purcell R,Maruff P,Kyrios M,Pantelis C

更新日期：1998-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Subjects with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) frequently report symptoms of subnormal body temperature and low-grade fever. We conducted a study to determine whether CFS subjects manifest any abnormality of core body temperature (CBT) that might help explain their fatigue. METHODS:Continuous 24-hour recordin...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Hamilos DL,Nutter D,Gershtenson J,Redmond DP,Clementi JD,Schmaling KB,Make BJ,Jones JF

更新日期：1998-02-15 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:We hypothesized that anorectics with or without bulimic features would differ on impulsivity and indices of central serotoninergic function (high impulsivity being correlated with reduced serotoninergic function). METHODS:For all patients impulsivity rating scales and questionnaires detailing severity of ea...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Askenazy F,Candito M,Caci H,Myquel M,Chambon P,Darcourt G,Puech AJ

更新日期：1998-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:How clozapine exerts superior antipsychotic efficacy in treatment-resistant schizophrenia is not known. Moderate (rather than "full") occupancy of D2 postsynaptic receptors may be crucial, perhaps by achieving a more effective D1/D2 or serotonin-2a/D2 ratio. The objective of this study was to test the modera...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Carpenter WT Jr,Zito JM,Vitrai J,Volavka J

更新日期：1998-01-15 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Plasma homovanillic acid (HVA) changes in response to a challenge of several days with haloperidol have been found to be predictive of the therapeutic response to haloperidol over a longer period of treatment. METHODS:Twenty-six elderly women who gave informed consent were divided into two groups, with or w...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Andia I,Zumarraga M,Zabalo MJ,Bulbena A,Davila R

更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cocaine can cause a variety of neuropsychiatric and neurobehavioral complications; however, it is uncertain whether cocaine causes persistent cerebral structural and neurochemical abnormalities in asymptomatic users. We studied 52 African-American men (26 human immunodeficiency virus-negative asymptomatic heavy cocain...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Chang L,Mehringer CM,Ernst T,Melchor R,Myers H,Forney D,Satz P

更新日期：1997-12-15 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Chronic alcohol use is associated with higher than expected rates of panic disorder. METHODS:To study the relationship between alcoholism and panic disorder, we administered the panicogenic agent, sodium lactate, to 26 alcoholics with either panic disorder or frequent panic attacks (ALCPAN), 20 nonalcoholic...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： George DT,Lindquist T,Ragan PW,Alim T,Eckardt MJ,Linnoila M

更新日期：1997-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Previous studies have demonstrated blunted beta-adrenergic responsivity in leukocytes from depressed patients. We sought to determine if this blunted cyclic adenosine monophosphate (AMP) response is specific for beta-adrenergic receptors (homologous), or whether other adenylyl cyclase-coupled receptors are also involv...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Mann JJ,Halper JP,Wilner PJ,Sweeney JA,Mieczkowski TA,Chen JS,Stokes PE,Brown RP

更新日期：1997-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Sixty-five cocaine-dependent subjects were enrolled into a 10-week randomized, double-blind study to determine the safety and efficacy of the serotonin-2 receptor antagonist, ritanserin (10 mg/day), in reducing cocaine consumption and craving. All subjects also participated in a structured intensive outpatient psychos...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Johnson BA,Chen YR,Swann AC,Schmitz J,Lesser J,Ruiz P,Johnson P,Clyde C

更新日期：1997-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Several findings support the hypothesis that the striatum is implicated in executive functions and in the modulation of goal-directed behavior, and could play a key role in the pathophysiology and in the production of symptoms and signs in schizophrenia. We have studied the relationship between the objective measures ...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Stratta P,Mancini F,Mattei P,Daneluzzo E,Casacchia M,Rossi A

更新日期：1997-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis disturbances in depressed children with a history of abuse were examined. Thirteen depressed abused, 13 depressed nonabused, and 13 normal control children were given 1.0 microgram/kg of human corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) intravenously. Blood samples for corticotropin...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Kaufman J,Birmaher B,Perel J,Dahl RE,Moreci P,Nelson B,Wells W,Ryan ND

更新日期：1997-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The reported inverse relationship between indices of central serotonin (5-HT) function and indices of impulsive aggression in human subjects suggests the possibility that enhancement of 5-HT activity will reduce impulsive aggressive behavior. Although evidence for this hypothesis is emerging, the relationshi...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Coccaro EF,Kavoussi RJ,Hauger RL

更新日期：1997-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Previous neuroimaging research has contributed insights regarding the neural substrates of specific psychiatric disorders. The purpose of this study was to determine the shared mediating neuroanatomy of anxiety symptoms across three different anxiety disorders. Data were pooled from 23 right-handed adult outpatients m...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Rauch SL,Savage CR,Alpert NM,Fischman AJ,Jenike MA

更新日期：1997-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Mutations in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) are implicated in the pathophysiology of affective disorders. To determine whether the 4977-base-pair deletion in mtDNA is more frequent in affective disorders, we quantitated the concentration of this deletion in leukocyte mtDNA in 34 probands with affective disorders (20 bipola...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Kato T,Winokur G,McMahon FJ,DePaulo JR,Crowe RR

更新日期：1997-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Five fixed doses of the atypical antipsychotic "Seroquel" (quetiapine) were evaluated to delineate a dose-response relationship, as measured by changes from baseline in Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS), Clinical Global Impression (CGI), and Modified Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS) summary sco...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Arvanitis LA,Miller BG

更新日期：1997-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:This study evaluated the effect of an acute reduction in catecholamine synthesis produced by alpha-methyl-para-tyrosine (AMPT), a tyrosine hydroxylase inhibitor, on cocaine-induced euphoria. In a blinded, placebo-controlled study, AMPT (1 g p.o. T.I.D.) was given to 10 non-treatment-seeking cocaine abusers prior to in...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Stine SM,Krystal JH,Petrakis IL,Jatlow PI,Heninger GR,Kosten TR,Charney DS

更新日期：1997-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Specific electroencephalogram (EEG) changes during clozapine therapy were prospectively studied in a cohort of 50 chronic state hospital patients with schizophrenia who were randomly assigned to one of three nonoverlapping clozapine serum level ranges (50-150 ng/mL, 200-300 ng/mL, and 350-450 ng/mL). EEGs were obtaine...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Freudenreich O,Weiner RD,McEvoy JP

更新日期：1997-07-15 00:00:00

abstract：:A morphometric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) study compared volumes of brain structures in 10 female subjects with trichotillomania (repetitive hair-pulling) versus 10 normal controls matched for sex, age, handedness, and education. Three-dimensional MRI scans were blindly normalized and segmented using well-charac...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： O'Sullivan RL,Rauch SL,Breiter HC,Grachev ID,Baer L,Kennedy DN,Keuthen NJ,Savage CR,Manzo PA,Caviness VS,Jenike MA

更新日期：1997-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mismatch negativity (MMN), in the deviant-minus-standard event-related potential (ERP) difference-waveform, may represent a working memory trace of the tone difference. Most but not all studies find MMN reduced in schizophrenic patients. This report investigates if differences may be attributable to experimental condi...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Oades RD,Dittmann-Balcar A,Zerbin D,Grzella I

更新日期：1997-06-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Buprenorphine is undergoing clinical trials for the treatment of opiate addiction. Although the abuse liability of sublingual buprenorphine is low, reports of intravenous abuse have appeared. This study describes the physiologic and subjective effects of intravenously administered buprenorphine and naloxone given alon...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Mendelson J,Jones RT,Welm S,Brown J,Batki SL

更新日期：1997-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Concentrations of the three main monoamines (5-HT, NA, and DA), their metabolites (5-HIAA, DOPAC, and HVA), and the serotonin precursor 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan were simultaneously measured in frontal cortex, gyrus cinguli, and hypothalamus from 23 controls and 18 suicide victims. Overall suicides did not show significa...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Arranz B,Blennow K,Eriksson A,Månsson JE,Marcusson J

更新日期：1997-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Short-term reduction in plasma tryptophan (tryptophan depletion) produces a relapse of depressive symptoms in 60% of previously depressed patients recently recovered with serotonin reuptake inhibitor treatment. Tryptophan depletion does not consistently increase depressive symptoms in unmedicated depressed patients or...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Barr LC,Heninger GR,Goodman W,Charney DS,Price LH

更新日期：1997-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Twenty psychiatric patients on lithium medication were examined with 7-Li-magnetic resonance spectroscopy of the brain. Patients on long-term lithium treatment (> 6 months) were compared with a short-term group who had been taking lithium for between 4 and 8 weeks. Patients met DSM-III-R criteria for either recurrent ...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Riedl U,Barocka A,Kolem H,Demling J,Kaschka WP,Schelp R,Stemmler M,Ebert D

更新日期：1997-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:We examined the circadian rhythm of core body temperature (CBT) in 22 school refusal patients, ages between 12 and 18 years, who did not have any physical or psychiatric disorders, but had indefinite complaints, and were suspected to have a circadian rhythm disturbance. To obtain normal data for analysis, CBT in 9 hea...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Tomoda A,Miike T,Yonamine K,Adachi K,Shiraishi S

更新日期：1997-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Learned helplessness is a behavioral condition induced by exposure to inescapable stress that models aspects of stress-related disorders including depression and posttraumatic stress disorder, and has been associated with diminished serotonin release in the rat frontal cortex. Our hypothesis was that presynaptic 5-hyd...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Neumaier JF,Petty F,Kramer GL,Szot P,Hamblin MW

更新日期：1997-03-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The pharmacokinetics of dexamethasone (DEX) were studied in 9 drug-free melancholically depressed patients and 10 healthy control subjects matched by sex and age. Each subject received 1 mg of DEX administered orally and by the (i.v.) route at 11:00 PM and serial blood samples were collected over the next 17 hours unt...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： O'Sullivan BT,Cutler DJ,Hunt GE,Walters C,Johnson GF,Caterson ID

更新日期：1997-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have recently reported that acute administration of cocaine to rats alters their sensory inhibitory capacity as tested in a paired click paradigm (S1/S2). Whether such acutely induced changes are persistent, is not known. In order to shed some light on the degree of spontaneous reversibility of cocaine-induced decr...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Boutros NN,Uretsky NJ,Lui JJ,Millana RB

更新日期：1997-02-15 00:00:00

abstract：:To determine the degree of genetic and environmental influences on assessments of aggression and irritability in male subjects, the "Motor Aggression" subscales of the Buss-Durkee Hostility Inventory (BDHI) were mailed to 1208 male twins in the Vietnam Era Twin Registry. Data from monozygotic 182 and 118 dizygotic twi...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Coccaro EF,Bergeman CS,Kavoussi RJ,Seroczynski AD

更新日期：1997-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Previous studies have shown an association between low serum cholesterol concentration and suicide; however, conflicting results have also been reported. To examine this potential association, cholesterol levels in 99 patients admitted to an emergency ward following an attempted suicide were compared with those in 74 ...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Kunugi H,Takei N,Aoki H,Nanko S

更新日期：1997-01-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Prior magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies report both medial and lateral cortical temporal changes and disturbed temporal lobe asymmetries in schizophrenic patients compared with healthy controls. The specificity of temporal lobe (TL) changes in schizophrenia is unknown. We determined the occurrence and specifici...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Pearlson GD,Barta PE,Powers RE,Menon RR,Richards SS,Aylward EH,Federman EB,Chase GA,Petty RG,Tien AY

更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Twenty-eight psychiatric patients with computerized tomography (CT) findings of ventricular abnormality most likely to result from prenatal/perinatal lesions (VA group) were compared to 28 sex- and age-matched psychiatric patients with normal neuroradiological findings (NCT group). The neuroradiological rater was blin...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Franzek E,Becker T,Hofmann E,Flöhl W,Stöber G,Beckmann H

更新日期：1996-12-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The involvement of the dopamine (DA) innervation of the medial prefrontal cortex (PFC) in attention was studied in a latent inhibition (LI) paradigm in rats. LI becomes evident by a retardation of conditioning to a stimulus after nonreinforced preexposure to that stimulus. LI is thought to reflect an animal's ability ...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Broersen LM,Heinsbroek RP,de Bruin JP,Olivier B

更新日期：1996-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although several reports agree that smooth-pursuit eye movement (SPEM) is abnormal in some obsessive-compulsive disordered (OCD) patients, differences between treatments and lack of accuracy in control selection make the results controversial. Although reduced gain seems the most accepted abnormality, the characterist...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Pallanti S,Grecu LM,Gangemi PF,Massi S,Parigi A,Arnetoli G,Quercioli L,Zaccara G

更新日期：1996-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The APOE genotypes of 45 elderly inpatients with major depression were determined to investigate the relationship of this disorder to irreversible dementia in late life. We specifically tested the hypothesis that the frequency of the APOE epsilon 4 allele is elevated in depressed elders with cognitive impairment or ps...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Zubenko GS,Henderson R,Stiffler JS,Stabler S,Rosen J,Kaplan BB

更新日期：1996-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The aim of the present paper was to perform a single trial analysis of event-related potentials in order to elucidate the mechanisms behind a reduced P300 amplitude occurring in unmedicated depressives (n = 11) and schizophrenics (n = 18). For this purpose, tools from linear system theory were applied to single trials...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Röschke J,Wagner P,Mann K,Fell J,Grözinger M,Frank C

更新日期：1996-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Animal models of social isolation have been suggested to be relevant to several neuropsychiatric disorders; however, social isolation is usually not purely an alteration of social environment, as it often involves such factors as decreased complexity of the environment, loss of tactile stimulation, and increased metab...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Kim JW,Kirkpatrick B

更新日期：1996-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Few data exist that assess the presence of reversed and positive neurovegetative symptoms through successive depressive episodes. To assess the stability of depressive symptoms across episodes, we studied 74 outpatients with atypical unipolar major depression, diagnosed by the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Nierenberg AA,Pava JA,Clancy K,Rosenbaum JF,Fava M

更新日期：1996-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Dysfunction of the central serotonergic system has been associated with depression in Parkinson's disease. To evaluate central serotonergic function in Parkinson's disease in relation to depression, we examined prolactin and cortisol responses to a single-dose challenge with fenfluramine (60 mg orally), a serotonin re...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Kostić VS,Lecić D,Doder M,Marinković J,Filipović S

更新日期：1996-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Adrenocorticosteroids and serotonergic neurons exert reciprocal regulatory actions, and both are abnormal in depression. We evaluated whether glucocorticoids influence the serotonin transporter in rat platelets and brain by infusing dexamethasone for 26 days, sufficient for replacement of the entire platelet populatio...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Slotkin TA,McCook EC,Ritchie JC,Seidler FJ

更新日期：1996-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We studied the induction of tetradecanoyl phorbol acetate-inducible sequences (TIS)1, 7, 8, 11, and 21 in rat cerebral cortex, hippocampus, and cerebellum after electroconvulsive shock (ECS). These genes were reported to be induced by depolarization in PC-12 cells. Single ECS induced TIS1, 8, 11, and 21, but not TIS7 ...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Jung HY,Kang UG,Ahn YM,Joo YH,Park JB,Kim YS

更新日期：1996-09-15 00:00:00